On Anti-Semitism

What is anti-Semitism? Is it the same as any prejudice, bias or bigotry against a minority? Is there anything that differentiates it from other forms of hatred? Why has it persisted throughout the ages? Was it inevitable that it would lead to the Holocaust? What follows is an attempt at answering these questions. 

Item: Less than one out of every five hundred people in the world is Jewish. That is .02% of the world’s population. 

This means that chance meeting with a Jew is slim. Further, since the vast majority of Jews are not immediately identifiable as Jews, the chances of consciously meeting a Jew are even slimmer. 

How can such a minute, and often unidentifiable, portion of the world attract such awful hatred? 

Item: For roughly four hundred years in England there were no known Jews living there. In 1290 King Edward I expelled all the Jews. Until 1656 Jews were not allowed to return. During all those years of England being Judenrein significant amounts of anti-Semitic literature has been documented in sermons and writings all during this period when there were no Jews! The most famous example of this is the Bard himself. Shakespeare fashioned Shylock, a vile character in the “Merchant of Venice” as defining what his contemporaries thought of the ruthless Jew. And yet, Shakespeare never met a Jew! 

It takes no great leap of imagination to think that even if there were no Jews there would still be anti-Semitism. 

Maybe if there were no Jews they would have to be invented. 

Can you imagine this with any other group? Would white supremacists step down their nasty rhetoric on African Americans if there were none? Would the Catholic and Protestants of Northern Ireland have had difficulty with the other during their decades of fighting if one of them had not been present? Could hatred exist between one group and another that was not present? It seems absurd. I suspect the answer must be an obvious, no. 

We have been accused of being communists while charging that we are avowed capitalists. Some have said we have a plan to control the world while others have called us rootless wanderers and vagabonds. Some say God has damned us and some say that we are the chosen elect. Jews who choose to live in a Jewish state are told they are racist. Jews who live in diaspora are indicted for having dual loyalty. Jews have been accused of Deicide, killing God, and need to be eradicated like a plague. Others have viewed us as the key to ultimate redemption. 

Some accuse us for being too wealthy and controlling. Others accuse us of being filthy leeches; taking away valuable resources or bringing dreaded diseases. We are at once inherently inferior and superior being too conspicuous in the upper echelons of learning. 

Throughout the long ages and including present day the Jewish people have been the object of derision, expulsion and ultimately death citing all these reasons. 

Two questions emerge. The first is how can such vastly different and contradictory stereotypes exist? Don’t the anti-Semites of the world realize that accusing Jews of being Communists and capitalists is non-sensible? And second, why this obsession with the Jews? 

There is no definitive answer but there are some responses. The first response is to the Jewish people.  Some have suggested that we are moral messengers to the world. And no one wants to have it pointed out to them that they are wrong. 

Or. Perhaps it is the worst part of human nature that abhors what is different and succeeds despite (because of?) those differences. After all, the Jewish people are still here while the nations that coexisted with us throughout the millennia have been swept away. 

Prager and Telushkin have documented many instances where the dicta of Judaism have demanded different attitudes and observances from the rest of the world.  Such observances as Sabbath, adherence to laws of what can be eaten, and devotion to learning has been the source of enmity.  We are evidently doing something right.  By being faithful to God we are meting out our destiny and covenant and becoming the object of hatred. 

My second, and final, response is to the world. I humbly suggest that when anti-Semitism is no more the final redemption will be at hand for all people. It is the plague that has dogged humanity throughout the past four thousand years. When the nations of the world no longer find reason to hate and destroy the Jewish people they will have learned to live peaceably with all. In one ancient text it is written, “Great is peace since all other blessings are included in it.”